{"id":29757,"date":"2026-05-16T11:14:00","date_gmt":"2026-05-16T09:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/?p=29757"},"modified":"2026-05-18T11:37:45","modified_gmt":"2026-05-18T09:37:45","slug":"entretien-maeva-orliac-la-carnivorie-peut-etre-vue-comme-le-marqueur-de-ce-quest-un-cetace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/2026\/05\/16\/entretien-maeva-orliac-la-carnivorie-peut-etre-vue-comme-le-marqueur-de-ce-quest-un-cetace\/","title":{"rendered":"[Entretien] Ma\u00ebva Orliac : \u00ab&nbsp;La carnivorie peut \u00eatre vue comme le marqueur de ce qu\u2019est un c\u00e9tac\u00e9&nbsp;\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"paragraph\">\n<p><b>La Marseillaise :<\/b><b> Que nous apprend la mandibule fossile de \u00ab<\/b><b>\u00a0<\/b><b>Kalakocetus aurorae<\/b><b>\u00a0<\/b><b>\u00bb, cette esp\u00e8ce primitive de c\u00e9tac\u00e9 tout juste d\u00e9couverte<\/b><b>\u00a0<\/b><b>?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Ma\u00ebva Orliac :<\/b> C\u2019est int\u00e9ressant pour d\u00e9finir ce qu\u2019est un c\u00e9tac\u00e9. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lamarseillaise.fr\/societe\/un-fossile-illustre-une-etape-cle-de-l-histoire-des-cetaces-HK20193307\"><i>Kalakocetus aurorae<\/i> <\/a>valide ce que proposaient les sp\u00e9cialistes\u00a0: que le passage d\u2019une alimentation herbivore \u00e0 carnivore peut \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le marqueur de ce que sont ces animaux. \u00c0 partir du moment o\u00f9 ce groupe est devenu carnivore, on parle de c\u00e9tac\u00e9s. Leurs esp\u00e8ces s\u0153urs \u2013les <i>Raoellidae<\/i>\u2013 sont rest\u00e9es des herbivores.<\/p>\n<p><b>Comment les d\u00e9finissait-on avant ? <\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>M.O. :<\/b> Pendant longtemps, les c\u00e9tac\u00e9s \u00e9taient d\u00e9finis par leur r\u00e9gion auditive. L\u2019os de leur oreille ressemble \u00e0 un coquillage. C\u2019est d\u00fb \u00e0 l\u2019adaptation au milieu aquatique de ces animaux dont les anc\u00eatres vivaient sur terre. Mais cette particularit\u00e9 de l\u2019oreille a \u00e9t\u00e9 retrouv\u00e9e chez les <i>Raoellidae<\/i>. Donc cela ne fonctionnait plus.<\/p>\n<p><b>Quelle est la place des baleines \u00e0 fanons<br \/>dans l\u2019histoire \u00e9volutive des c\u00e9tac\u00e9s ? <\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>M.O. :<\/b> Elles appartiennent au groupe des \u00ab\u00a0mystic\u00e8tes\u00a0\u00bb qui apparaissent il y a environ 36\u00a0millions d\u2019ann\u00e9es, soit 12\u00a0millions d\u2019ann\u00e9es apr\u00e8s <i>Kalakocetus aurorae<\/i>. Les premiers repr\u00e9sentants avaient des dents et des fanons. Petit \u00e0 petit, ils ont perdu leurs dents \u00e0 la faveur des fanons. Il s\u2019agit de lames de k\u00e9ratine, comme des cheveux, qui filtrent l\u2019eau pour r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer le plancton compos\u00e9 d\u2019algues et d\u2019animaux comme le krill. C\u2019est une autre histoire \u00e9volutive par rapport \u00e0 celle des dauphins ou des orques qui ont des dents ac\u00e9r\u00e9es et ne consomment que de la viande.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"La Marseillaise : Que nous apprend la mandibule fossile de &laquo;&nbsp;Kalakocetus aurorae&nbsp;&raquo;, cette esp&egrave;ce primitive de c&eacute;tac&eacute; tout juste d&eacute;couverte&nbsp;?","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29758,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[5610,343,239,240,2921,416,353,988,2001],"news-destination":[],"news-source":[475],"is_homepage":[],"ta_other":[],"class_list":["post-29757","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-societe","tag-cetaces","tag-entretien","tag-herault","tag-montpellier","tag-paleontologie","tag-recherche-scientifique","tag-sciences","tag-week-end","tag-weekend","news-source-website"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29757","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29757"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29757\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29759,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29757\/revisions\/29759"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29758"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29757"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29757"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29757"},{"taxonomy":"news-destination","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-destination?post=29757"},{"taxonomy":"news-source","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-source?post=29757"},{"taxonomy":"is_homepage","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/is_homepage?post=29757"},{"taxonomy":"ta_other","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ta_other?post=29757"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}