{"id":27676,"date":"2026-04-25T15:46:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T13:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/?p=27676"},"modified":"2026-05-04T10:38:22","modified_gmt":"2026-05-04T08:38:22","slug":"fabriquer-les-briques-du-vivant-ne-suffit-pas-pour-faire-apparaitre-la-vie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/2026\/04\/25\/fabriquer-les-briques-du-vivant-ne-suffit-pas-pour-faire-apparaitre-la-vie\/","title":{"rendered":"[Entretien] \u00ab Fabriquer les briques du vivant ne suffit pas pour faire appara\u00eetre la vie \u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"paragraph\">\n<p><b>Simon Duval : <\/b>Depuis la d\u00e9couverte en 2000 du champ hydrothermal de \u00ab Lost City\u00a0\u00bb, dans l\u2019oc\u00e9an Atlantique. Jusqu\u2019alors, nous ne connaissions que les \u00ab\u00a0fumeurs noirs\u00a0\u00bb o\u00f9 la temp\u00e9rature atteint 300\u00b0C. \u00c0 \u00ab\u00a0Lost City\u00a0\u00bb, elle est autour de 40\u00b0C-50\u00b0C. C\u2019est bien plus favorable \u00e0 l\u2019apparition de la vie ! Depuis, d\u2019autres chemin\u00e9es de ce type ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couvertes et int\u00e9ressent les scientifiques qui travaillent sur l\u2019origine de la vie.<\/p>\n<p><b>Une autre hypoth\u00e8se est celle de la \u00ab<\/b><b>\u00a0<\/b><b>soupe pr\u00e9biotique<\/b><b>\u00a0<\/b><b>\u00bb, dans laquelle une diversit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ments chimiques se ser<\/b><b>aient assembl\u00e9s dans une mare chaude pour former les mol\u00e9cules complexes du vivant &#8211; acides amin\u00e9s, ARN, ADN&#8230; <\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>S.D. :<\/b> C\u2019est la th\u00e9orie la plus connue, propos\u00e9e par Charles Darwin en 1871. Mais elle omet le r\u00f4le de l\u2019\u00e9nergie. Fabriquer les briques \u00e9l\u00e9mentaires du vivant ne suffit pas pour faire appara\u00eetre la vie. Elles ont besoin d\u2019\u00e9nergie pour tenir ensemble, faire fonctionner le m\u00e9tabolisme, etc. L\u2019importance de l\u2019\u00e9nergie a \u00e9t\u00e9 point\u00e9e par le physicien Erwin Schr\u00f6dinger en 1944. Une loi de la physique dit que des mol\u00e9cules dans un m\u00e9lange ne s\u2019ordonnent jamais d\u2019elles-m\u00eames. Il faut pouvoir les confiner et leur apporter de l\u2019\u00e9nergie.<\/p>\n<p><b>C<\/b><b>\u2019est l\u2019avantage des chemin\u00e9es hydrothermales ?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>S.D. :<\/b> Tout \u00e0 fait, avec leurs membranes poreuses o\u00f9 les mol\u00e9cules peuvent \u00eatre confin\u00e9es. Nous montrons que le m\u00e9canisme qui fournit l\u2019\u00e9nergie aux cellules peut s\u2019y produire. Cela les rend encore plus int\u00e9ressantes.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Simon Duval : Depuis la d&eacute;couverte en 2000 du champ hydrothermal de &laquo; Lost City&nbsp;&raquo;, dans l&rsquo;oc&eacute;an Atlantique. Jusqu&rsquo;alors, nous ne connaissions que les &laquo;&nbsp;fumeurs noirs&nbsp;&raquo; o&ugrave; la &#8230;","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28427,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[1795,10,343,16,353,988,2001],"news-destination":[],"news-source":[475],"is_homepage":[],"ta_other":[],"class_list":["post-27676","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-societe","tag-biologie","tag-bouches-du-rhone","tag-entretien","tag-marseille","tag-sciences","tag-week-end","tag-weekend","news-source-website"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27676","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27676"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27676\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27785,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27676\/revisions\/27785"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28427"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27676"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27676"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27676"},{"taxonomy":"news-destination","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-destination?post=27676"},{"taxonomy":"news-source","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-source?post=27676"},{"taxonomy":"is_homepage","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/is_homepage?post=27676"},{"taxonomy":"ta_other","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/euapp01.newsmemory.com\/lamarseillaise\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ta_other?post=27676"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}